Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) takes two forms – radiographic (also known as ankylosing spondylitis(AS)) and non-radiographic (nr-axSpA). The symptoms caused are similar with chronic back pain, but nr-axSpA damage cannot be seen on X-rays. Historically, nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) did not have any approved codes so clinicians had to use AS and other codes. Starting [...]

Background: Clinically, cough is classified by the duration which has implications for diagnosis and subsequent treatment. For example, chronic coughs lasting more than eight weeks, such as those related to allergies or gastroesophageal reflux disease, will have very different implications than acute coughs that less three weeks, such as those caused by the common cold. [...]