Case Presentation: 22-year-old female presented with worsening lower abdominal pain, diarrhea, and ascending muscle weakness. A lumbar puncture revealed a normal cell count and protein levels, with slightly elevated Campylobacter Jejuni antibody levels at 0.93. The patient was treated with a five-day course of IVIG for presumed Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), resulting in slight improvement in [...]

Background: Most primates, including humans, belonging to the suborder Haplorrhine lack the innate ability to synthesize ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) and hence exclusively depend on dietary intake (generally plant-based diets) to prevent deficiency. Modern humans’ trend of consuming ultra-processed foods that lack crucial micronutrients places us at risk for developing micronutrient deficiencies. Currently, there is [...]

Background: Micronutrients are essential food components that are not a major energy source but are required in small quantities to support normal health. Vitamin A is well known for its role in vision; however, it is also involved in immune function, growth, and development. Deficiency of vitamin A manifests as xeropthalmia in children and night [...]

Background: Vitamin D (Vit D) is a fat-soluble vitamin that supports normal bone development and maintenance by increasing the absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, which are essential for bone mineralization. Vitamin D is commonly assessed through serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, with sufficient levels defined as ≥30 ng/mL, and deficient as < 20 ng/ml. [...]

Background: Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia and a common comorbidity in hospitalized patients. Iron deficiency is present in up to 50% of patients with heart failure and intravenous (IV) iron can improve symptoms, functional capacity, and quality of life1. Inflammatory bowel disease has a prevalence of iron deficiency in 25% of [...]

Case Presentation: A two-day old exclusively breastfed male born at term (no prior medical history; routine prenatal care) was discharged at 36 hours of life from the nursery, 5% down from birth weight. He had difficulty latching to feed post discharge and at 45 hours of life, presented to an outside emergency room in cardiorespiratory [...]

Case Presentation: A 14-month-old male with history of hemihypertrophy of left lower extremity and macrodactyly of the left third to fifth toes, as well as syndactyly of third and fourth toes, presented to the ER because of facial swelling and anasarca. The swelling began 10 days prior to admission, diagnosed initially as bilateral preseptal cellulitis [...]

Case Presentation: A 47-year-old female with history of gastric bypass complicated by dumping syndrome, opioid use disorder on methadone, alcohol use disorder, migraines, and seizures presented with 3 weeks of painful bilateral lower extremity swelling, and 2 months of poor oral intake with persistent diarrhea. Her exam was also notable for tooth fragility, course hair, [...]

Case Presentation: CASE PRESENTATIONA 78-year-old male with a medical history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presented with a two-year history of anosmia and ageusia, significantly affecting his quality of life. These symptoms began shortly after a presumed COVID-19 infection, initially attributed to post-viral sequelae. Despite multiple interventions, including evaluation by otolaryngology and use [...]

Case Presentation: A 38-year-old woman with no significant past medical history presented with fever, diffuse rash, and hypoesthesia. One year prior, the patient developed flesh-colored patches on her abdomen and raised lesions under her left arm. A biopsy revealed cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial infection with 4+ acid fast bacilli (AFB) stain, but AFB cultures were negative. [...]