Case Presentation: A 30-year-old woman with triple positive (Beta-2-glycoprotein IgG/IgM, anticardiolipin IgG/IgM, and lupus anticoagulant) antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) taking apixaban, aspirin, and hydroxychloroquine presented to the emergency department for progressive confusion, emesis, and hematochezia found to be in cardiogenic shock due to right ventricular failure with critical limb ischemia due to complete right popliteal artery [...]

Case Presentation: We present an 80-year-old female with a medical history significant for atrial fibrillation and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. She underwent pulmonary vein isolation in 2017 and had reportedly been on flecainide 150 mg twice daily and atenolol 100 milligram twice daily since then. She presented to the emergency department with dyspnea [...]

Background: In the U.S., hospitalizations related to Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) are amongst the most frequent and costly, yet a unified approach toward improving outcomes remains elusive. In 2022, the AHA/ACC/HFSA released updated guidelines for the management of heart failure. Recommendations include prescribing four classes of medications for eligible patients, known as guideline-directed medical therapy [...]