Background: Hyperglycemia and hyperosmolarity are frequent causes of hospitalization in patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). As a result, these conditions are associated with increased mortality, morbidity and increased health costs. This study examines the outcomes of patients with T2DM admitted for hyperglycemia and hyperosmolarity.
Methods: Vizient database is a large administrative database and was queried using ICD-10 codes for hospitalized patients between 2015-2017. All adult patients admitted with a diagnosis of T2DM with hyperglycemia, hyperosmolarity and ketoacidosis were included in the study. Outcome variables analyzed included mortality, ICU admission, direct costs and length of stay. Outcomes were also examined for differences with age and gender.
Results: 23,834 patients were included in the study. Mean length of stay was 3.73 days and mean costs were observed to be $ 3863. No significant differences were noted with outcomes based on gender. Length of stay (3.66 days in male vs 3.80 days in female); costs ($ 3858 in male vs $ 3869 in female) and mortality did not differ with gender. Poor and worse outcomes were noted with increased age. Outcomes including length of stay (2.75 days in the 18-30 years age group vs 3.18 days in 31-50 years vs 4.00 days in >51 years age group; p<0.0001), costs and ICU admission were significantly worse in the >51 years age group compared to younger patients.
Conclusions: This study analyzed outcomes of type II DM patients. No significant difference in outcomes was noted with gender. With increasing age, outcomes are worse in the older age groups compared to younger patients.