Background: Several studies have been conducted worldwide on gender discrimination in the medical field[1]. A Japan-based study showed that although the number of female physicians in the country doubled between 1980 and 2016, less than 10% held significant positions (e.g., professor)[2]. In Japan, discriminatory admission practices in several medical schools were publicized in 2018, revealing [...]

Background: Despite equal representation of genders within academic hospitalist groups, more hospitalist authors are men than women (Burden et al). In a study analyzing first and last authors in medical publications from all specialties between 2000 and 2017, only 31.6% of first authors and 19.4% of last authors were women (Bernardi et al). The COVID-19 [...]

Background: The benefits of breastfeeding for infants and women are well established with the recommendation from the American Academy of Pediatrics to breastfeed for at least 1 year. However, balancing clinical responsibilities with the mental, physical, and time load for breastfeeding physician mothers returning from parental leave proves extremely difficult and contributes to gender disparities [...]