Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with reduced ejection fraction (EF), as defined as EF < 50%, and iron deficiency have shown improvements in symptoms, functional capacity, and quality of life when treated with IV iron, even without overt anemia (1). The FAIR-HF (2009) and CONFIRM-HF (2015) studies showed improvements in New York Heart Association […]

Case Presentation: A 31 year old male with no known medical history presented to the hospital with complaints of acute onset chest pain, shortness of breath and 30 lb weight gain. History was notable for a period of starvation with intake of exogenous testosterone, T3 and growth hormone prior to a bodybuilding competition followed by […]