Background: SGLT-2 inhibitors are one of the emerging drugs in heart failure. Several meta-analyses prove its effect in reducing the composite outcome of cardiovascular death/hospitalization for heart failure but it is unknown if they contain all the primary studies hence a need for a pooled analysis Methods: We performed an umbrella analysis and used the [...]

Background: Treating HFpEF (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction) is complex due to its diverse origins, leaving many patients with limited options. While diuretics offer symptom relief, most therapies don’t markedly improve outcomes. SGLT2 inhibitors, particularly Dapagliflozin, show potential in reducing cardiovascular events. Yet, guidelines for HFpEF and HFmrEF are vague regarding SGLT2 use. This [...]