Background: Poorly controlled pain in hospitalized patients is common and may lead to excessive opioid administration and adverse events. Ketamine is a reversible, non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist which blocks glutamate excitatory transmission and provides analgesia with minimal respiratory effects. Dosing for procedural sedation and induction of general anesthesia ranges from 1-4.5 mg/kg. Consensus guidelines for [...]

Case Presentation: A 27-year-old Chinese-American woman presented to the ED for sore throat, flank pain, dysuria, and generalized weakness for 1 week. The symptoms began after returning on a domestic flight. She initially denied any medical history or substance use to multiple providers and insisted her symptoms were due to infrequent bathroom use during the [...]