Background: Use of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) tubes among patients with dementia is controversial, with multiple studies showing no clear benefit in terms of risks of aspiration, survival or quality of life. Despite this growing evidence, studies analyzing the trends of use of PEG tube among demented patients are lacking. We aimed to use a [...]

Background: Esophageal varices with bleeding (EVB) are one of the most common causes of deaths in cirrhotic patients in the United States. Over the course of years, studies have reported an increase in the incidence of EVB and is associated with a high risk for morbidity and mortality. Data is lacking with regards to recent [...]

Background: Epidemiology of Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding (NVUGIB) such as peptic ulcer bleeding, Mallory-Weiss tear, erosive gastritis/duodenitis, oesophagitis/oesophageal ulcer is well known among general population. However, data is lacking about its trend among Cirrhotic population in literature. No large database study is available to compare prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of NVUGIB among Cirrhotic patients. We [...]

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a life-threatening infection in patients with cirrhosis. Depending on the clinical setting, the prevalence and mortality rates of SBP in cirrhosis range between 1.5-30% and 10-46%, respectively. The purpose of this study was to assess the yearly trend in SBP prevalence, length of stay and mortality among hospitalized cirrhosis [...]

Background: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a life-threatening opportunistic infection that leads to severe pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts. This results in respiratory failure and hypoxemia. Its reported survival rate ranges from 20% to 50%. Despite its seriousness, there is limited research on the occurrence of PCP in children, likely due to its infrequency. Current national data [...]

Background: Despite recent advancements in the medical management of acute and chronic Heart Failure (HF), smooth transitions of care for patients hospitalized with HF remain elusive for most health care systems. Use of home health services and other ancillary services have been promoted in recent years as a means of reducing readmission rates among HF [...]

Background: Foot amputation rates in Black patients with diabetic foot complications have been historically higher than White patients. To determine if improvements in this disparity occurred, we carried out trend analysis of lower extremity amputation rates for patients hospitalized with diabetic foot ulcers and infections (DFU/Is). Methods: Using the National Inpatient Sample database, we conducted [...]

Background:   The overall national patient satisfaction scores have improved since the HCAHPS reporting began. However, it is unknown whether the improvement trends are different between teaching and non-teaching hospitals. Therefore, our objective was to compare long-term changes in patient satisfaction between teaching and non-teaching hospitals. Methods:   We used three datasets; HCAHPS data (2008 [...]

Background: General medicine physicians should aim to promote patient-centered care in clinical practice, and contribute to research that will advance general medicine as an academic discipline [1]. However, the general medicine certified board in Japan has been established since 2018 [2], and the trend in their research achievements is not clear. Therefore, this study aimed [...]

Background: Alcohol poses a significant public health concern, contributing to acute and chronic health complications, including organ damage, neurological impairments, and increased mortality. Excessive alcohol consumption can result in poisoning. This study analyzed trends and disparities in mortality rates due to toxic effects of alcohol among different demographics and geographical regions from 1999 to 2020 [...]