Case Presentation: A 54-year-old man with a history of alcoholic cirrhosis presented to the emergency department for evaluation of a new facial rash and was found to be hypercalcemic to 15.6 mg/dL. A subsequent ionized calcium and cystatin C were also found to be elevated at 1.90 mMol/L and 2.55 mg/L (eGFR 23), respectively. His [...]

Case Presentation: An 84-year-old male with a PMH of CAD, atrial fibrillation and BPH presented to the ED due to night time vision loss and jaundice. Patient stated one month prior to presentation he noticed difficulty with vision at night while driving. One week prior to presentation, patient’s family noticed new-onset jaundice. Upon presentation, patient [...]

Background: Micronutrients are essential food components that are not a major energy source but are required in small quantities to support normal health. Vitamin A is well known for its role in vision; however, it is also involved in immune function, growth, and development. Deficiency of vitamin A manifests as xeropthalmia in children and night [...]