Background: People experiencing homelessness (PEH) face barriers to accessing regular ambulatory care, which increases their risk of having poorly controlled chronic medical conditions and contributes to high acute care utilization. The role of field-based homeless healthcare teams in improving hypertension and diabetes control and reducing acute care utilization (e.g., emergency department [ED] visits, inpatient hospitalizations) [...]

Background: Hospitalization in older adults with cognitive impairment is a seminal event that often leads to iatrogenic complications and exacerbation of behavioral disturbances that require a higher level of observation to ensure the patient’s safety. Our study aimed to determine whether an innovative model, using Patient Engagement Specialists (PES) improves care for hospitalized older adults [...]

Background: Previous studies have documented discriminatory refusals from post-acute care facilities related to opioid use disorder or opioid agonist therapy, however the impact of inability to secure skilled nursing facility (SNF) placement for patients with any substance use disorder (SUD) has not been fully explored. The objective of this study is to measure the odds [...]

Background: Hospitalists increasingly confront patient care and policy dilemmas due to financial incentives created by bundled payments, single payments that “bundle” acute and post-acute care for specific diagnoses. The most common and most successful bundled payment has been for total joint replacement, where cost savings have been achieved through discharging patients to home rather than [...]

Background: Hospitalization in older adults with cognitive impairment is a seminal event that often leads to iatrogenic complications and exacerbation of behavioral disturbances that require a higher level of observation to ensure the patient’s safety. Our study aimed to determine whether an innovative model, using Patient Engagement Specialists (PES) improves care for hospitalized older adults [...]

Background: Discharge to post-acute care settings (PACs), such as skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), requires significant, complex discharge planning which often needs to be started early during hospitalization to be complete by time of discharge. This study sought to identify and model factors which predict a given patient’s likelihood of requiring PAC after discharge, using routinely [...]

Background: Medicare Advantage (MA) plans have strong incentives to reduce potentially wasteful healthcare, including costly acute care visits for ambulatory care-sensitive conditions (ACSC) [1-4]. It is unknown, however, whether MA plans lower acute care use relative to Traditional Medicare (TM) or instead shift patients from hospitalizations towards observation stays and emergency department (ED) direct discharges. [...]

Background: Frailty is a clinical syndrome characterized by vulnerability to stressors resulting from a loss of physiological reserve across multiple systems. Frailty is a common condition in older adults and is associated with disability, morbidity, increased healthcare utilization, and mortality. Frailty assessments derive from two major frameworks: the frailty phenotype and the deficit accumulation model. [...]

Background: It is known that more people die during the nighttime compared to daytime in the community setting. Many health care providers are required to care for patients in a critical condition which includes around the time of death, and which may be at night. However, there have been few studies with respect to the [...]

Background: Japan has the high incidence of tuberculosis with the rapid population aging in developed county. In acute care hospital, delaying in respiratory isolation for tuberculosis can cause serious hospital-acquired infections and subsequent delay in the initiation of treatment, which might be poor prognosis for not only the patient but also the around medical providers. [...]