Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are commonly-used antihypertensives which, despite renoprotective properties, can contribute to acute kidney injury (AKI)(1). Iodinated contrast media may also precipitate AKI, namely contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), which has been associated with adverse patient outcomes(1–3). ACE inhibitors and ARBs are often held in the setting of iodinated [...]

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery occurs in 30% of cases with 1% requiring dialysis resulting in significant morbidity and mortality.  HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (“statins”) have been postulated to be of benefit in this population, however results from existing clinical studies have been inconsistent. Since there is abundance of evidence showing that short-term [...]

Background: Since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, millions have succumbed to the infection worldwide. The virus is most well-known for its devastating pulmonary and cardiovascular manifestations, but acute kidney injury (AKI) has been frequent as well (reported incidence ranging from 0.5% to 56.9%), and has been repeatedly observed to be associated [...]

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has demonstrated a range of presentations and outcomes affecting multiple organ systems. Acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and related outcomes vary widely according to early reports. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of AKI, AKI in the setting of chronic kidney disease [...]

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of renal cell carcinoma or its treatment. It is unclear whether AKI, compared to inpatients with similar clinical and hospital-level characteristics without AKI, is associated with worse clinical outcomes and higher costs. To address this void, our study aimed to evaluate how an AKI diagnosis affects [...]

Background: Patients with cirrhosis complicated by ascites are often admitted to the hospital and require abdominal paracentesis for diagnostic evaluation and symptom relief. When large volumes are removed there is a risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) which can contribute to morbidity and mortality. There are no clear guidelines for what constitutes a safe volume [...]

Background: Rhabdomyolysis is a condition of rapid muscle breakdown resulting in myalgia, enzyme elevations, electrolyte imbalance. Released heme pigment may lead to tubular obstruction, vasoconstriction, and tubular epithelial cell injury, causing acute kidney injury (AKI) as a severe complication. Especially with predisposing conditions such as volume depletion. Early and aggressive fluid resuscitation is an essential [...]

Background: AKI occurs in 10% of hospitalized patients and the incidence is rising. Renal Ultrasound (US) is frequently performed but its clinical utility has been questioned. The goal of this study was to evalaute US diagnostic yield in AKI cases and establish indications for inpatient kidney US. Methods: A retrospective analysis of renal US were obtained from January 2016 to March [...]

Background: The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been profound, with significant disparities in infection and mortality rates, particularly in high-risk populations. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that complicates patient management in the context of COVID-19, given the increased risk of infections and limited guidance on pharmacological management. Methods: This [...]

Background: Controversy still exists regarding the use of angiotensin axis blockade (AAB) with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) drugs preoperatively. Multiple studies suggest the AAB results in acute kidney injury (AKI) (1,2), while other studies do not (3,4 ). Some studies suggest that the AKI associated with AAB is due [...]