Case Presentation: A 68-year-old man with a history of atrial flutter and recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeds (GIBs) with no clear etiology identified presented for planned direct current synchronized cardioversion.  Patient had failed multiple rate and rhythm control regimens as well as radiofrequency ablations.  He was placed on unfractionated heparin prior to cardioversion but developed recurrent [...]

Case Presentation: 78 year old woman with persistent non valvular atrial fibrillation was admitted with palpitation and dyspnea. She was in atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate. Given symptomatic atrial fibrillation after rate control, decision was made for transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) and elective direct current cardioversion (DCCV). She was successfully converted to sinus rhythm with [...]