Background: The United States healthcare system has witnessed an overwhelming trend towards mergers of hospitals and acquisitions, with the proportion of primary care physicians working in hospital – or healthcare system-owned organizations increasing from 28% to 44% from 2010 to 2016. Existing evidence suggests this consolidation has driven higher costs but has had mixed effects [...]

Background: All oxygenation devices are the aerosol-generating procedures and can generate some contaminated aerosols and droplets from the patient’s airway and transmit them through the air, especially in close contact or in an enclosed space. Increasing the flow rate in O2 devices can provide more FiO2, such as using HFNC, which can improve the hypoxia [...]