Background: The value of follow-up blood cultures (FUBCs) to document clearance of bacteremia due to gram-negative bacilli (GNB) has not been well-established. Although previous studies suggested the yield of FUBC for GNB bacteremia is low, it remains to be elucidated for whom FUBC may be beneficial and for whom unnecessary. The objective of the study [...]

Case Presentation: A 78-year-old Japanese man with chronic heart failure and type 2 diabetes presented with a 2-day history of recurrent fever six days after the termination of a 12-day antimicrobial treatment for pyelonephritis caused by Escherichia coli. The physical examination revealed a body temperature of 38.9 °C, respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute, [...]