Background: In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) aimed to enhance health insurance access through subsidies and Medicaid expansion. The expansion was not adopted by all states, leading to variable coverage. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) releases a 3-year running average of 30-day risk-standardized mortality rates for Medicare patients [...]

Background: In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) aimed to enhance health insurance access through subsidies and Medicaid expansion. The expansion was not adopted by all states, leading to variable coverage. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) releases a 3-year running average of 30-day risk-standardized mortality rates for Medicare patients [...]

Background: SGLT-2 inhibitors are one of the emerging drugs in heart failure. Several meta-analyses prove its effect in reducing the composite outcome of cardiovascular death/hospitalization for heart failure but it is unknown if they contain all the primary studies hence a need for a pooled analysis Methods: We performed an umbrella analysis and used the [...]

Background: Inpatient admissions for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) represent a substantial economic burden within the US healthcare system with patients experiencing high rates of 30-day readmission and mortality. To more efficiently and effectively serve complex cardiovascular (CV) patients at a major cardiac care center, Intermountain Health created a dedicated CV hospitalist service which has expanded [...]

Background: The diagnosis of sepsis is often associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. When it occurs in patients with Heart failure (HF), those rates increase dramatically. This study focuses on the differences in the outcomes in septic patients with Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) versus patients with Heart Failure with reduced [...]

Background: Racial and ethnic disparities in heart failure (HF) care and outcomes occur, despite rapid improvement in HF therapies and survival [1,2]. The Burden of Treatment Theory is a framework for illustrating and explaining how interactions between patients, healthcare systems, and support networks affect their ability to manage a chronic illness, including HF [3]. We [...]

Background: The physical exam for heart failure can be limited by poor reproducibility, lack of specificity, provider inexperience, or patient habitus. To estimate the JVP or HJR requires identifying the internal jugular vein (IJV). Finding the IJV can be limited by those factors but the addition of ultrasound can improve its identification. Ultrasound can therefore [...]

Background: Heart failure (HF) hospital readmissions are a leading cause of US 30-day hospital readmissions. Factors related to clinical complexity and unmet social needs are among the key drivers associated with HF negative clinical outcomes. Digital platforms have shown promise in improving HF outcomes but limitations like patient lack of familiarity with technology and unmet [...]

Background: Health systems science (HSS) is a burgeoning field in medical education, a movement spearheaded by the American Medical Association (AMA). Proposed as the Third Pillar of Medical Education alongside the two existing Pillars of Basic and Clinical Sciences, this field focuses education on how health care is delivered and improved on every level of [...]

Background: As the prevalence of patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute decompensated heart failure rises, hospitalists are at the forefront of delivering care for this complex patient population. Heart failure (HF) exacerbations are one of the leading causes of hospitalizations with high rates of readmissions and associated mortality. Evidence based studies show that optimizing [...]