Case Presentation: An 18-year-old woman admitted to the hospital due to a new-onset tonic seizure lasting five minutes. She had recent history of flu-like illness a few weeks earlier. A review of systems revealed auditory and visual hallucinations. On physical examination, she was drowsy and disorientated to time only, but was following commands. Neurological examination [...]

Case Presentation: A 35 year-old female with a past medical history significant for type 2 diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovarian syndrome and migraine headache presented with alteration of mental status for 2 weeks. Patient endorsed progressive, generalized fatigue with intermittent episodes of confusion, behavioral disturbance, hypersomnia and short-term memory loss. Vital signs on admission were significant [...]

Case Presentation: A 65-year-old female with a history of focal epilepsy and carotid stenosis with recent endarterectomy presented with four weeks of abrupt aphasia, right sided weakness and several days of altered mental status and unusual left-hand movements. Since the endarterectomy one month prior to presentation, her family reported cognitive decline, memory loss and increased [...]

Case Presentation: A 74-year-old male with a past medical history of Stage III CKD and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was initially taken to his PCP by his wife for changes in his mental status, trouble remembering things and following directions while driving. As his outpatient workup was ongoing, he also developed a fever with chills and [...]

Case Presentation: A 38 yr. old female presented with personality and behavior changes for the last 4 months which were described as episodes of impulsivity and outbursts of anger. Patient endorsed frequent episodes of headache and confusion caused by strong odors such as spices and garlic. She had progressive short-term memory deficit, often asking same [...]

Case Presentation: 47 year old male with left temporal meningioma s/p resection, and recent immigration from India presented with fevers and worsening encephalopathy. CTH was unremarkable however MRI showed leptomeningeal hemispheric, brain stem, and cord signal with perivascular enhancement concerning for CNS TB however included a broad differential. He was started on empiric antibiotics for [...]

Case Presentation: Autoimmune encephalitides comprise a rapidly evolving group of immune-mediated disorders characterized by inflammation of the brain parenchyma. Patients with this disorder manifest a wide spectrum of neurological and psychiatric presentations developing over days to months. One sub-type is anti-NMDAR-encephalitis, which is characterized by complex neuropsychiatric features and the presence of IgG antibodies against [...]

Case Presentation: This is a 64 year old male with a past medical history of bipolar disorder without previous psychiatric admissions, type 2 diabetes mellitus, stroke and autoimmune encephalitis that presented to the emergency room from a subacute rehabilitation facility (month long stay since an L3-L4 discectomy) with altered mental status. While at the rehabilitation [...]

Case Presentation: We present a previously healthy 22-year-old female presenting with disorganized behaviors, restlessness and sub-acute decline in mental status. There was no other relevant medical, personal or familial history. However, she had stressors three days before initial change in behavior, such as infidelity with her significant other and she had tremendous anxiety and guilt [...]

Case Presentation: A 60 year-old female with no significant past medical history was brought in as a level 2 trauma after being involved in a motor vehicle accident. The non-contrast head CT demonstrated bilateral frontal brain lesions, prompting a brain MRI which revealed a non-enhancing T2/FLAIR hyperintense lesion in the anterior frontal lobes and crossing [...]