Background: While there are now equal numbers of women and men graduating from medical school, disparities in female representation within academic medicine persist. Gender bias has been cited as one of the main drivers of gender disparity in academic medicine and continues to be a significant barrier for women in the workplace. Grand rounds is [...]

Background: It is important to understand knowledge about diagnostic error, such as cognitive bias and heuristics, for preventing a diagnostic error. However, it is unclear whether Japanese residents learn this knowledge. We aimed to assess diagnostic error knowledge in residents throughout Japan and compare it to the benchmark of the previous US score. In addition, [...]

Background: The extent and impact of bias in medicine are increasingly recognized. Studies have demonstrated the deleterious effect of clinicians’ biases on patient care (1,2), and the impact of patients’ biases on physicians’ well-being (3). We hypothesized that more subtle expressions of bias would increase burnout among academic hospitalists. The objectives of this study were [...]

Background: Unconscious attitudes, also known as implicit biases are ubiquitous and their effects are wide-ranging. From something as seemingly insignificant as the clutching of a purse in lieu of a passerby to something of potential great consequence such as the lack of a surgical referral, the fingerprints of implicit bias are on many of the [...]

Background: Disparities in health outcomes that differ by racial or ethnic group, religion, socioeconomic status, gender, age, mental health, ability, sexual orientation or gender identity, geographic location, or other characteristics historically linked to discrimination or exclusion demonstrate that equitable care in the United States is a goal that has not been achieved. Treating all patients [...]

Background: Stigmatizing language in clinical notes can negatively impact physician attitudes, propagate bias, affect prescribing behaviors, and exacerbate healthcare disparities, yet remains prevalent even in the Open Notes era. Prior analyses of stigmatizing terms in clinical notes are limited by the lack of context in which terms are used and multiple meanings of certain words [...]

Background: Despite gender equality in medical school composition, gender-based disparities exist in multiple domains of healthcare, including: academic promotion tracks, leadership positions, scholarly production, and compensation. Patients also exhibit a gender bias, reporting a higher patient satisfaction with male physicians. However, some data suggests that women physicians actually deliver better outcomes. We sought to identify [...]

Background: Adverse drug events (ADEs) are responsible for up to 770,000 inpatient injuries and deaths annually in the United States, most of which are from prescribing errors. Electronic order sets are designed to improve quality by reducing care variability and increasing efficiency of order entry, but may also facilitate prescribing errors via automation bias. There [...]

Background: Interhospital transfer (IHT) is often performed to provide patients with necessary specialized care. While there are numerous examples of racial/ethnic health inequities in our healthcare system, inequities in IHT are not well-characterized. We sought to determine if there are racial/ethnic inequities in IHT among patients with select conditions previously associated with a mortality benefit [...]

Case Presentation: An 80 year-old man presented with one day of confusion, worsened cough, and subjective fevers. He had a productive cough since emigrating from Mexico six months ago, but no complaints of dyspnea. He had a history of diabetes and stable angina for the past year. On presentation, he was tachycardic with a temperature [...]