Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated rapid changes in healthcare delivery in the United States, including changes in the care of hospitalized children. Our study aimed to identify the major changes in inpatient pediatric healthcare delivery and potential learnings from these changes. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews for this qualitative study. We purposefully sampled hospitals [...]

Background: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a life-threatening opportunistic infection that leads to severe pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts. This results in respiratory failure and hypoxemia. Its reported survival rate ranges from 20% to 50%. Despite its seriousness, there is limited research on the occurrence of PCP in children, likely due to its infrequency. Current national data [...]

Background: Children with medical complexity (CMC) are a growing pediatric population with disproportionately high health needs and costs often insured by Medicaid. Identification of CMC using complexity classification systems applied to population-level data and establishment of baseline patterns of population-level health care utilization are essential to target patients who may benefit most from complex care [...]

Background: Regionalization of pediatric healthcare has led to an increased proportion of hospitalizations at tertiary care centers and freestanding children’s hospitals. For some of these patients, transfer from another hospital is required to access inpatient care. There are known disparities in access to care for historically marginalized races/ethnicities, but it is unclear if these disparities [...]

Background: Family Partners (FP) are peer mentors trained to support parents facing clinical situations similar to what FPs previously experienced with their own children. FPs offer a family-centered, cost-effective intervention that can improve outcomes, particularly for children with prematurity or chronic diseases. Children with medical complexity (CMC) are a high need, high cost population with [...]

Case Presentation: A 2-year-old girl with a past medical history of hypertension and anterior mediastinal mass of unclear etiology presents to the ED with acute bruising. 2 months prior, she was admitted to PICU for fever and lethargy, AKI, hyperuricemia and electrolyte abnormalities concerning for tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), and was found to have a [...]

Case Presentation: A 52-year-old man with a history of hypertension and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) two months prior presented to the emergency department (ED) with five days of fever, malaise, vomiting, and diarrhea. He tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) three days prior and received monoclonal antibody infusion the day prior [...]

Background: Caregivers of Children with Medical Complexity (CCMC) are essential to their child’s care during hospital admissions. Prior research suggests that prolonged hospitalization of their child negatively impacts the emotional, physical and psychosocial well-being of CCMC. However, there is a paucity of data regarding caregivers’ perspectives on potential effective solutions to improve their own wellness [...]

Case Presentation: A 10 year old female presented to the emergency department with 2 days of rapidly progressive left eye pain, purulent drainage, foreign body sensation, painful eye movements and left sided headache. Physical exam revealed moderate left eyelid edema with tenderness, conjunctival injection and copious purulent discharge. She had no leukocytosis or neutrophilia. CT [...]

Background: Korean children are often treated in intensive care units (ICUs) rather than in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). However, pediatric critical care (PCC) in ICUs other than in PICUs may have an effect on patient outcome. The objective of this study is to compare the PCC outcomes of pediatric patients in the PICU than [...]