Background: Clinicians, researchers, educators, and administrators have grappled with the implications of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare since the release of the first publicly available large language model (LLM) in late 2022. Efforts have been directed towards evaluating LLMs’ performance in common clinical and scholarly tasks and debating important considerations including patient safety, information [...]

Background: Current surveillance approaches underestimate harmful diagnostic errors (DE) in hospitalized patients. A recent study of 2809 admissions observed that while one or more adverse events (AE) occurred in 23.6% of cases, only 10 AEs (0.1%) were attributable to DEs (1). Studies using the Safer Dx instrument have observed harmful DE rates of 5-7% (2). [...]

Background: In the US, 60% of adults have at least one chronic disease (such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease) and 42% have more than one. Chronic disease is the leading cause of death and disability and significantly contributes to annual healthcare spending (1). Studies have shown that patient education interventions can improve outcomes in [...]

Background: The personal statement (PS) is a crucial factor in a residency program’s evaluation of applicants and has traditionally been helpful in understanding applicants’ journeys in medicine, values, and written communication skills. Now, with accessible large language models (i.e. ChatGPT) designed for language composition, there is interest in how these models may be utilized by [...]

Background: Inhaled treatments are the cornerstone of management of obstructive lung disease, though patients frequently misuse inhalers, leading to worse disease outcomes. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been increased interest in video-module based interventions for patients with chronic diseases. However, patients’ ability to interact with such educational resources necessitates access to technology and proficiency [...]

Background: In 2012, the American Academy of Pediatrics issued a statement recommending a standard practice for families and nurses to participate in rounds. Family-centered rounds (FCR) improves patient safety, patient and family satisfaction, provider satisfaction, interdisciplinary communication, and discharge planning. However, coordinating FCR in an easy and efficient manner to include all stakeholders remains a [...]

Background: Poor sleep is common in hospitalized patients due to multiple factors, including disruption of the circadian rhythm. Greater exposure to natural light for hospitalized patients has been associated with improved outcomes, including increased survival in acute myocardial infarction. Few studies have examined programmable artificial lighting systems in hospital patient rooms, and few have achieved [...]

Background: Diagnostic uncertainty, defined as the subjective perception of an inability to provide an accurate explanation of the patient’s health problem, has been implicated in diagnostic error.1 Clinician notes, such as the admission notes, often include hedging terms, uncertainty phrases, and diagnostic differentials that can be used to assess uncertainty in unstructured documentation.1,2 Quantifying diagnostic [...]

Background: There is growing interest in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) predictive models in hospital medicine. However, real-world implementation and evaluation of AI models lags the development of such models, with many such models being developed but never used in live practice. (1) Therefore, relatively less is known about the performance of these models [...]

Background: Virtual Hospitalist (VH) care models are emerging in hospital medicine to address workforce shortages and improve patient access. VH programs are any programs where the hospitalist and patient are located at different sites, but the patient requires an acute level of care. This can include arrangements where: 1) the patient is located in a [...]