Background: “Time is brain” is a trope from the neurologist Camilo Gomez that emphasizes the importance of early treatment to improve the neurological prognosis of ischemic stroke patients. Given the short therapeutic window of evidence-based therapies such as thrombolysis and endovascular treatment, it is important to diagnose ischemic stroke from the numerous possible diagnoses accurately [...]

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. However, available treatment options are limited due to the narrow treatment time window and reperfusion injury after revascularization. New treatment modalities to overcome these challenges are in need. Chlorpromazine and promethazine (C+P) have been utilized for cerebral edema, central high fever with restlessness, and delirium [1, [...]

Background: Stroke is one of the most common causes of adult mortality. With changes in lifestyle, the increase in risk factors is leading to an increase in the number of cases. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is associated with an increase in platelet size and hence increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased expression of platelet [...]

Background: Previous work suggests that hospitals’ teaching status is correlated with readmission rates, cost of care, and mortality. This research has focused on conditions closely tracked by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). The extent to which hospitals’ teaching status impacts care processes for syncope has not been extensively studied. Methods: We merged [...]

Background: Among survivors of ischemic stroke (IS), the cumulative long-term burden of readmissions, determinants of readmission, and clinical consequence of hospital readmission remain poorly understood. we aimed to investigate 1) the cumulative incidence of readmission; 2) at-risk patient for readmission, 3) the effect of readmission on subsequent mortality; and 4) whether the days spent in [...]

Background: Approximately one-third of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) develop hyperglycemia regardless of pre-existing history of diabetes [1]. Hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation and can be considered as a predictor of poor functional outcome after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) [2]. Additionally, risk of death, hemorrhagic complications, and [...]

Background: Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) is a common abnormality that affects between 25% and 34% of the general population. For most people, it is a benign finding; however, in some, the PFO can be wider, allowing a paradoxical embolus to transit from the venous to the arterial circulation, which is associated with cryptogenic stroke, migraine, [...]

Background: The possibility of outpatient evaluation of suspected transient ischemic attack has previously been considered in studies, and some have suggested that outpatient evaluation of suspected TIA may be safe and cost-effective in patients at lower risk of stroke as measured by the ABCD2 score. However, no consensus has been reached on the optimal strategy [...]

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a cerebrovascular disease with high incidence and mortality. White matter repair plays an important role in the long-term recovery of neurological function after cerebral ischemia. Neuroprotective microglial responses can promote white matter repair and protect ischemic brain tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hypoxic post-conditioning (HPC) [...]

Case Presentation: A 23-year-old female with a history of acne presented with abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea for 1 day. The pain was crampy in nature and located in her lower abdomen, without radiation or modifying factors.  She was passing frequent watery bowel movements with a small amount of blood. She denied any recent travel, [...]