Background: Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, clinicians have sought to identify risk factors for severe disease to help guide hospital algorithms, resource allocation and therapeutics. Older age, high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) are associated with severe disease (1-5). CCI and SaO2/FiO2 ratio are associated with mortality, but the changing SaO2 in [...]

Background: The ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen (P:F ratio) has known clinical utility. For example, it is a key component of the sequential organ failure assesment (SOFA) score which is a validated mortality predictor and the new operational defintion of sepsis. Yet, its use is limited because [...]

Background: We observed improved survival among COVID-19 patients receiving remdesivir (RDV) during the early parts of the pandemic (Aug-Nov 2020) [1]. Clinical management of COVID-19 continues to develop over time as variants of concern (VOC) evolve. We extend the previous study to characterize outcomes for patients admitted on low-flow oxygen (LFO) and compare hospital all-cause [...]

Background: Continuous multiparameter, physiologic monitoring may improve patient outcomes in the medical-surgical wards by identifying patients who need clinical evaluation and or intervention. Alarms may be actionable or non-actionable dependent on whether the alarm is technical in nature or represents a substantive change in patient condition. Alarms will enhance patient care when followed by provider [...]

Case Presentation: A 14yo girl presented with syncope and 4 days of URI symptoms. She had no past medical or family history. On presentation, she was hypotensive with mildly elevated lactate, troponin, and BNP, and an unremarkable ECG and chest radiograph. Initial echocardiogram showed normal LV function. Cardiac MRI revealed a pericardial effusion and increased [...]

Case Presentation: A 57 year old man with no significant medical or psychiatric history was admitted to our hospital after a suicide attempt. He was found unconscious in his car with the ignition running in a closed garage. His carboxyhemoglobin level was elevated at 13%. He regained consciousness within a few hours without requiring intubation [...]

Background: Evidence suggests that oxygen supplementation is only beneficial to hypoxic patients (or oxygen saturation (SPO2) < 90%) yet is commonly given to normoxemic patients despite having no clinical indication for its use. Excessive oxygen supplementation with saturations above 96% for long periods of time has also been proven to increase mortality rates when compared [...]

Background: All oxygenation devices are the aerosol-generating procedures and can generate some contaminated aerosols and droplets from the patient’s airway and transmit them through the air, especially in close contact or in an enclosed space. Increasing the flow rate in O2 devices can provide more FiO2, such as using HFNC, which can improve the hypoxia [...]